More Basic Math

分数 – ぶんすう – fraction
分母 – ぶんぼ – denominator
分子 – ぶんし – numerator (also molecule, in a different context)

In Japanese, fractions are read in the opposite convention from English. For instance:

2/4 is two fourths
2/4 は4分の2

比 – ひ – ratio
二つの数の比 – ふたつのすうのひ – ratio of two numbers

約分 – やくぶん – reduction (of a fraction) to lowest terms

公約数 – こうやくすう – common divisor
最大公約数 – さいだいこうやくすう – greatest common divisor (G.C.D)

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