October 25th, 2010 by editor
A list of a variety of technical fields:
æ•°å¦ -ã™ã†ãŒã – mathematics
çµ±è¨ˆå¦ – ã¨ã†ã‘ã„ãŒã – statistics
物ç†å¦ – ã¶ã¤ã‚ŠãŒã – physics
地çƒç‰©ç†å¦ -ã¡ãã‚…ã†ã¶ã¤ã‚ŠãŒã – geophysics
宇宙物ç†å¦ -ã†ã¡ã‚…ã†ã¶ã¤ã‚ŠãŒã – astrophysics
低温物ç†å¦ – ã¦ã„ãŠã‚“ã¶ã¤ã‚ŠãŒã – low temperature physics
固体物ç†å¦ – ã“ãŸã„ã¶ã¤ã‚ŠãŒã – solid-state physics
å¤©æ–‡å¦ – ã¦ã‚“ã‚‚ã‚“ãŒã – astronomy
åŒ–å¦ – ã‹ãŒã – chemistry
物ç†åŒ–å¦ – ã¶ã¤ã‚Šã‹ãŒã – physical chemistry
ç’°å¢ƒåŒ–å¦ – ã‹ã‚“ãょã†ã‹ãŒã – environmental chemistry
ç‰©è³ªå¦ – ã¶ã£ã—ã¤ãŒã – materials science
æ°´ç†å¦ – ã™ã„ã‚ŠãŒã – hydraulics
ç†±åŠ›å¦ – ãã¤ã‚Šã‚‡ããŒã – thermodynamics
生物 – ã›ã„ã¶ã¤ – biology
ç”Ÿç‰©åŒ–å¦ – ã›ã„ã¶ã¤ã‹ãŒã – biochemistry
æ¤ç‰©å¦ – ã—ょãã¶ã¤ãŒã – botany
ç´°èŒå¦ – ã•ã„ãã‚“ãŒã – bacteriology
å¾®ç”Ÿç‰©å¦ – ã³ã›ã„ã¶ã¤ãŒã – microbiology
ç¥žçµŒç§‘å¦ – ã—ã‚“ã‘ã„ã‹ãŒã – neuroscience
è–¬ç†å¦ – ã‚„ãã‚ŠãŒã – pharmacology
å·¥å¦ – ã“ã†ãŒã – engineering
æ©Ÿæ¢°å·¥å¦ – ãã‹ã„ã“ã†ãŒã – mechanical engineering
é›»æ°—å·¥å¦ – ã§ã‚“ãã“ã†ãŒã – electrical engineering
化å¦å·¥å¦ – ã‹ãŒãã“ã†ãŒã – chemical engineering
生物医å¦å·¥å¦ – ã›ã„ã¶ã¤ã„ãŒãã“ã†ãŒã – biomedical engineering
èˆªç©ºå®‡å®™å·¥å¦ -ã“ã†ãã†ã†ã¡ã‚…ã†ã“ã†ãŒã – aerospace engineering
äº¤é€šå·¥å¦ – ã“ã†ã¤ã†ã“ã†ãŒã – transportation engineering
è¾²æ¥å·¥å¦ – ã®ã†ãŽã‚‡ã†ã“ã†ãŒã – agricultural engineering
è‡ªå‹•è»Šå·¥å¦ – ã˜ã©ã†ã—ゃã“ã†ãŒã – automotive engineering
ç”Ÿä½“å·¥å¦ – ã›ã„ãŸã„ã“ã†ãŒã – bionics/bioengineering
åŒ»ç”¨ç”Ÿä½“å·¥å¦ – ã„よã†ã›ã„ãŸã„ã“ã†ãŒã – medical bionics
å®‰å…¨å·¥å¦ – ã‚ã‚“ãœã‚“ã“ã†ãŒã – safety engineering
æµ·æ´‹å·¥å¦ – ã‹ã„よã†ã“ã†ãŒã – marine engineering
原ååŠ›å·¥å¦ – ã’ã‚“ã—りょãã“ã†ãŒã – nuclear engineering
éºä¼åå·¥å¦ – ã„ã§ã‚“ã—ã“ã†ãŒã – genetic engineering
食å“å·¥å¦ – ã—ょãã²ã‚“ã“ã†ãŒã – food engineering
ç’°å¢ƒå·¥å¦ – ã‹ã‚“ãょã†ã“ã†ãŒã – environmental engineering
è¨ˆç®—æ©Ÿå·¥å¦ – ã‘ã„ã•ã‚“ãã“ã†ãŒã – computer engineering
ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ”ãƒ¥ãƒ¼ã‚¿ãƒ¼å·¥å¦ – ã“ã‚“ã´ã‚…ーãŸãƒ¼ã“ã†ãŒã – computer engineering
åœŸæœ¨å·¥å¦ – ã©ã¼ãã“ã†ãŒã – civil engineering
コンビューター・サイエンス – ã“ã‚“ã´ã‚…ーãŸãƒ¼ãƒ»ã•ã„ãˆã‚“ã™ – computer science
ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢å·¥å¦ – ããµã¨ã†ã‡ã‚ã“ã†ãŒã – software engineering
That’s a lot, yeah?
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October 19th, 2010 by editor
A few more 3D Geometrical figures:
æ£å…«é¢ä½“ – ã›ã„ã¯ã¡ã‚ã‚“ãŸã„ – regular octahedron
æ£å…é¢ä½“ – ã›ã„ã‚ãã‚ã‚“ãŸã„ – regular hexahedron
平行å…é¢ä½“ – ã¸ã„ã“ã†ã‚ãã‚ã‚“ãŸã„ – parallelepiped
å角柱 – ã¯ã‚“ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– antiprism
トーラス – ã¨ãƒ¼ã‚‰ã™ – torus
レンズ – れん㚠– lens
And something beyond 3 dimensions:
超立方体 – ã¡ã‚‡ã†ã‚Šã£ã½ã†ãŸã„ – hypercube
and while we’re a it, dimensions:
一次元 – ã„ã¡ã˜ã’ã‚“ – one dimesion
二次元 – ã«ã˜ã’ã‚“ – two dimensions
三次元 – ã•ã‚“ã˜ã’ã‚“ – three dimensions
四次元 – よã˜ã’ã‚“ – four dimensions
Note the difference between the physical dimensions and the dimensions of numbers:
二元数 – ã«ã’ã‚“ã™ã† – 2 dimensional numbers
四元数 – ã—ã’ã‚“ã™ã† – quaternian
八元数 – ã¯ã¡ã’ã‚“ã™ã† – octonian
related:
Types of Numbers
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October 12th, 2010 by editor
In a continuation of the geometry theme, let’s move from 2D geometry to 3D.
First, simple extensions of two dimensional objects:
円柱 – ãˆã‚“ã¡ã‚…ㆠ– cylinder (extension of a circle)
立方体 – ã‚Šã£ã½ã†ãŸã„ – cube (extension of a square)
直方体 – ã¡ã‚‡ãã»ã†ãŸã„ – cuboid (extension of a rectangle)
The extensions of two dimensional polygons are prisms:
角柱 – ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– prism
三角柱 – ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– triangular prism
四角柱 – ã—ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– square prism
五角柱 – ã”ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– pentagonal prism/column
å…角柱 – ã‚ã£ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– hexagonal prism/column
七角柱 – ã—ã¡ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– heptagonal prism/column
八角柱 – ã¯ã£ã‹ãã¡ã‚…ㆠ– octagonal prism/column
A slight modification to an extension creates a cone or pyramidal shape:
å††éŒ – ãˆã‚“ã™ã„ – cone
ä¸‰è§’éŒ – ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã™ã„ – a three sided pyramid (tetrahedron)
å››è§’éŒ – ã—ã‹ãã™ã„ – a four sided pyramid (square pyramid)
äº”è§’éŒ – ã”ã‹ãã™ã„ – a five sided pyramid (pentagonal pyramid)
å…è§’éŒ – ã‚ã£ã‹ãã™ã„ – a six sided pyramid (hexagonal pyramid)
Now, more uniquely three dimensional objects:
çƒ – ãゅㆠ– sphere
çƒä½“ – ãã‚…ã†ãŸã„ – solid sphere
回転楕円体 – ã‹ã„ã¦ã‚“ã ãˆã‚“ãŸã„ – spheroid
æ‰å¹³æ¥•å††ä½“ – ã¸ã‚“ãºã„ã ãˆã‚“ãŸã„ – oblate spheroid
æ‰é•·æ¥•å††ä½“ – ã¸ã‚“ã¡ã‚‡ã†ã ãˆã‚“ãŸã„ – prolate spheroid
トールス – ã¨ãƒ¼ã‚‹ã™ – torus
Obviously, there are many more geometric figures, but this seems like enough for one post.
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October 8th, 2010 by editor
From National Geographic:
http://www.nationalgeographic.co.jp/news/news_article.php?file_id=20101008004&expand#title
ã‚Šã‚…ã†åº§æµæ˜Ÿç¾¤ã€æ¥å¹´ã¯æœŸå¾…大
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ã‚Šã‚…ã†åº§ – ã‚Šã‚…ã†ã– – Draco (constellation)
æµæ˜Ÿç¾¤ – ã‚Šã‚…ã†ã›ã„ãã‚“ – meteor shower
ã‚Šã‚…ã†åº§æµæ˜Ÿç¾¤ – ã‚Šã‚…ã†ã–ã‚Šã‚…ã†ã›ã„ãã‚“ – Draconids meteor shower
æ¥å¹´ – らã„ãã‚“ – next year
期待 – ããŸã„ – expectation
大 – ã ã„ – big, great
Summary – In 2011, the earth will be passing through the tail of the comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner, producing what should be an extremely impressive display
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My translation of the title:
ã‚Šã‚…ã†åº§æµæ˜Ÿç¾¤ã€æ¥å¹´ã¯æœŸå¾…大
Next Year’s Draconids Meteor Shower Expected to be Spectacular
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October 5th, 2010 by editor
Although they may already be familiar, it is important to be sure you know the basic geometric shapes:
円形 – ãˆã‚“ã‘ã„ – a circle
三角形 – ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã‘ã„ – a triangle
æ£æ–¹å½¢ – ã›ã„ã»ã†ã‘ã„ – a square
四角形 – ã—ã‹ãã‘ã„ – a quadrilateral
長方形 – ã¡ã‚‡ã†ã»ã†ã‘ã„ – a rectangle
五角形 – ã”ã‹ãã‘ã„ – a pentagon
å…角形 – ã‚ã£ã‹ãã‘ã„ – a hexagon
七角形 – ã—ã¡ã‹ãã‘ã„ – a septagon/heptagon
八角形 – ã¯ã£ã‹ãã‘ã„ – an octagon
In these words, 「ã‹ãã‘ã„〠can alternatively be pronounced 「ã‹ã£ã‘ã„ã€, which is a little easier to pronounce.
Equilateral shapes are prefixed with ã€Œæ£ – ã›ã„ã€.
æ£ä¸‰è§’å½¢ – ã›ã„ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã‘ã„ – equilateral triangle
æ£å…角形 – ã›ã„ã‚ã£ã‹ãã‘ã„ – equilateral hexagon
There are several specific triangles and quadrilateral with specific terminology:
二ç‰è¾ºä¸‰è§’å½¢ – ã«ã¨ã†ã¸ã‚“ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã‘ã„ – isoceles triangle
直角三角形 – ã¡ã‚‡ã£ã‹ãã•ã‚“ã‹ãã‘ã„ – right triangle (「直角 – ã¡ã‚‡ã£ã‹ãã€is right angle)
直角二ç‰è¾ºä¸‰è§’ – ã¡ã‚‡ã£ã‹ãã«ã¨ã†ã¸ã‚“ã•ã‚“ã‹ãã‘ã„ – isoceles right triangle
黄金四角形 – ãŠã†ã”ã‚“ã—ã‹ãã‘ã„ – golden rectangle
å°å½¢ – ã ã„ã‘ã„ – trapezoid
平行四辺形 – ã¸ã„ã“ã†ã—ã¸ã‚“ã‘ã„ – a parallelogram
è±å½¢ – ã²ã—ãŒãŸ – a rhombus
凧型 – ãŸã“ãŒãŸ – kite shape
Of course, there are a variety of other two dimensional figures, some of which I will list here:
楕円 – ã ãˆã‚“ – ellipse
五芒星 – ã”ã¼ã†ã›ã„ – pentagram
å…芒星 – ã‚ãã¼ã†ã›ã„ – six pointed star/star of david
ãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆå½¢ – ã¯ãƒ¼ã¨ãŒãŸ – heart shape
Not shapes, but two dimensional lines:
åŒæ›²ç·š – ãã†ãょãã›ã‚“ – hyperbola
放物線 – ã»ã†ã¶ã¤ã›ã‚“ – parabola
There are many other shapes, but I think this covers the basic geometric shapes of particular mathematical significance fairly well.
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October 3rd, 2010 by editor
From National Geographic:
http://www.nationalgeographic.co.jp/news/news_article.php?file_id=20101001001&expand#title
å¤ä»£ã®å·¨å¤§ãƒšãƒ³ã‚®ãƒ³ã€ç™½é»’ã§ã¯ãªã‹ã£ãŸ
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å¤ä»£ – ã“ã ã„ – ancient times
巨大 – ãょã ã„ – giant
ペンギン – ãºã‚“ãŽã‚“ – penguin
白黒 – ã—ã‚ãã‚ – black and white
I like the phrase “å¤ä»£ã®å·¨å¤§â€. The similarity of the sounds is a nice combination of alliteration and rhyme.
The basic properties of the bird are disclosed in the second sentence:
人間ã®èƒŒä¸ˆã¨å¤‰ã‚らã¬ä½“é•·ã§ã€èµ¤èŒ¶ã¨ç°è‰²ã®ç¾½ã‚’見ã«ã¾ã¨ã£ã¦ã„ãŸã¨ã„ã†ã€‚
人間 – ã«ã‚“ã’ã‚“ – human being
背丈 – ã›ãŸã‘ – height
変ã‚ら㬠– ã‹ã‚ら㬠– constant/same
体長 - ãŸã„ã¡ã‚‡ã† – length
So the first part of the sentence says the bird was equal in length to human height.
赤茶 – ã‚ã‹ã¡ã‚ƒ – reddish-brown
ç°è‰² – ã¯ã„ã„ã‚ – gray
ç¾½ – ã¯ã – feathers
身ã«ã¾ã¨ã† – ã¿ã«ã¾ã¨ã† – be dressed in, covered in
So the bird was the height of a human and covered in reddish brown and gray feathers.
The 「ã¨ã„ã†ã€at the end indicates that this is what the researchers are saying, making it somewhat clear that this is not certain but is speculation, although based on research and evidence.
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My translation of the title:
å¤ä»£ã®å·¨å¤§ãƒšãƒ³ã‚®ãƒ³ã€ç™½é»’ã§ã¯ãªã‹ã£ãŸ
Ancient giant penguin was not black and white
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September 12th, 2010 by editor
From AstroArts:
http://www.astroarts.co.jp/news/2010/09/09galactic-tendrils/index-j.shtml
複数ã®æ¸¦å·»éŠ€æ²³ã«è¦‹ã¤ã‹ã£ãŸé€²åŒ–ã®ç—•è·¡
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Word by Word:
複数 – ãµãã™ã† – plural, more than one
渦巻銀河 – ã†ãšã¾ããŽã‚“㌠– spiral galaxy
見ã¤ã‹ã£ãŸ – ã¿ã¤ã‹ã£ãŸ – was found
進化 – ã—ã‚“ã‹ – evolution
ç—•è·¡ – ã“ã‚“ã›ã – trace, vestige
If you are a fan of manga or anime, you may recognize:
渦巻 – ã†ãšã¾ã – whirlpool
as the family name of the title character in the popular series NARUTO.
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My translation:
複数ã®æ¸¦å·»éŠ€æ²³ã«è¦‹ã¤ã‹ã£ãŸé€²åŒ–ã®ç—•è·¡
Clues to evolution of spiral galaxies found in several galaxies
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September 10th, 2010 by editor
From National Geographic:
http://www.nationalgeographic.co.jp/news/news_article.php?file_id=20100910001
地çƒæ¸©æš–化ã¯é£Ÿã„æ¢ã‚られるã‹?
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åœ°çƒ – ã¡ãゅㆠ– global, earth
温暖 – ãŠã‚“ã ã‚“ – warm
温暖化 – ãŠã‚“ã ã‚“ã‹ – warming
食ã„æ¢ã‚ã‚‹ – ãã„ã¨ã‚ã‚‹ – check, stem the tide, prevent
Global warming is presumably caused by the burning of fossil fuels.
化石燃料 – ã‹ã›ããんりょㆠ– fossil fuels
Notice the word 燃料 is the same as in the Whirlwind of Fire article.
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My translation:
地çƒæ¸©æš–化ã¯é£Ÿã„æ¢ã‚られるã‹?
Can Global Warming be Prevented?
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September 7th, 2010 by editor
From National Geographic:
http://www.nationalgeographic.co.jp/news/news_article.php?file_id=2010090702
ç«ç½æ—‹é¢¨ã®æ怖: 燃料ã¨ãªã‚‹ã‚¬ã‚¹
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ç«ç½ – ã‹ã•ã„ – a fire
旋風 – ã›ã‚“ã·ã† – whirlwind
æ怖 – ãょã†ãµ – fear, dread, horror
燃料 – ãんりょㆠ– fuel
ガス – ãŒã™ – gas
ã¨ãªã‚‹ – to become
ç«ç½ indicates a house fire, wildfire, or similar, which you might guess due the use of the same kanji as in:
å¤©ç½ – ã¦ã‚“ã•ã„ – natural disaster
The photo in the post is of a fire whirlwind above a burning peat bog in England. I’m not totally sure about the scale of the photo, but it doesn’t look that big to me, so it seems like æ怖 might be somewhat overdramatic.
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My translation:
ç«ç½æ—‹é¢¨ã®æ怖: 燃料ã¨ãªã‚‹ã‚¬ã‚¹
The terror of a whirlwind of fire: fueled by gas
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September 5th, 2010 by editor
From endgadget:
http://japanese.engadget.com/2010/09/05/sd-2-300mb/
次世代SDカードã¯2æ®µç›®ãƒ”ãƒ³è¿½åŠ ã€æœ€å¤§300MB/秒ã«
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次世代 – ã¤ãŽã›ã ã„ – next generation
SDカード – エスディカード – SD card
2段目 – ã«ã ã‚“ã‚ – second rank
ピン – ã´ã‚“ – pin
è¿½åŠ – ã¤ã„ã‹ – an addition, supplement
最大 – ã•ã„ã ã„ – maximum
秒㫠– ã³ã‚‡ã†ã« – in a second
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My translation:
次世代SDカードã¯2æ®µç›®ãƒ”ãƒ³è¿½åŠ ã€æœ€å¤§300MB/秒ã«
Next Generation SD Card Adds Second Rank of Pins, Maximum Transfer of 300MB Per Second
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